MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology

Speech etiquette of contemporary Ukrainian youth: dynamics of communicative guidelines

2024-08-06T18:49:09+03:00

The article analyzes the attitude of modern Ukrainian youth to speech etiquette, highlighting changes in the strategies and linguistic means of its observance alongside traditional domestic norms of polite communication. The study considers various approaches to interpreting etiquette. The research was carried out on the basis of a sociolinguistic survey of students of Kyiv National Linguistic University and a communicative and pragmatic analysis of the collected material. The findings indicate that modern Ukrainian youth are aware of the importance of observing etiquette in social interaction. However, they
are moving away from its formalized perception towards a more psychological interpretation of etiquette as a communicative strategy of speech based on respect, tolerance, and sincerity. The analysis of the etiquette expressions used by modern Ukrainian youth reveals their rejection of formalized etiquette
clichés in interpersonal communication, a preference for more emotional and vivid means, and a tendency to slang, playful, and ironic embodiment of basic etiquette actions, such as greetings, thanks, apologies, farewells, compliments. The study also addresses virtual youth communication, identifying its impact on communication skills and strategies of young people. Potentially undesirable tendencies in youth virtual speech include the replacement of individual expressions of thoughts and feelings with virtual markers of approval/disapproval, a certain homogeneity of etiquette reactions, and a preference for foreign language slang. The article outlines possible ways of correcting these trends within the educational environment.

Pun therapy in linguistic education

2024-08-06T19:20:57+03:00

The research paper explores the concept of pun therapy as a linguistic and educational tool in teaching students specializing in linguistics. The study aims to describe the multifunctional nature of pun therapy in linguistic education and to propose materials for studying pun in translation courses. The research
identifies various applications of pun in linguistic education including pun as linguistic studies (examining lexico-semantic and syntactic means of pun creation: such as homonymy, paronymy, polysemy, syllable regrouping, etc.), pun and its translation (distinguishing between translatable and untranslatable pun, and exploring compensatory methods for translating untranslatable pun), pun in literature and advertising, pun as relaxation, wordplay as a method for pronunciation correction, pun as a means of self-presentation.
Pun therapy is represented as a type of wordplay therapy or verbal humour therapy with significant linguistic and educational potential. It contributes to motivation for studies, creates a positive emotional atmosphere in communication and interaction between a teacher and students. The research draws on
theoretical issues related to humour and laughter as therapy, humour in education, and practical resources, such as books containing puns which can be used in teaching and studying pun for students of linguistic specialities. The methods employed in the study include lexico-semantic analysis of pun creation and functional analysis of pun in teaching. The study emphasizes the beneficial influence of pun in both teaching and learning contexts.

A multilevel methodology for studying sound-symbolic synaesthetic metaphors in the poetic texts of Ukrainian and Greek poets (late 19th – early 20th centuries)

2024-08-06T20:07:13+03:00

The article focuses on developing and testing a comprehensive, multilevel methodology for comparative research of sound-symbolic synesthetic metaphors in Ukrainian and Greek poetic texts from the late 19th to early 20th centuries. It thoroughly examines the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches to studying poetic language in general and sound-symbolic synesthetic metaphors as components of poetic texts, in particular. The idea of the idiolect of poetic speech is substantiated as a system of linguistic means determined by context, mechanisms of conceptual integration, and cognitive and metapragmatic features of creation. Special attention is paid to identifying stylistically marked and dominant means in individual poetic idiolects that shape the poet’s linguistic worldview. This study has developed and tested a multilevel methodology for comparative analysis of sound-symbolic synesthetic metaphors involving the study of metaphors at different levels, with an emphasis on the interaction of phonetic and semantic means of creating metaphorical constructions. The research is conducted primarily at the lexical-semantic level, mainly through componential analysis, to optimize understanding of the meanings of various semantic fields of sensory modalities and their combinatorial possibilities. It includes metapragmatic analysis
considering socio-cultural and historical contexts of metaphor creation and perception. Special attention is paid to cognitive mechanisms underlying the creation of such metaphors. An experimental method of computer lexicography using the Lexonomy resource based on the Sketch Engine corpus manager is introduced to create a corpus of synesthetic metaphors. The article proposes and describes the stages of creating a dictionary of synesthetic metaphor meanings based on the applied analysis methodology. It is concluded that applying a multilevel approach to the comparative study of sound-symbolic metaphors in texts of two cultural traditions allows for tracing the relationship between language and culture in the context of poetic speech and reveals deep connections between linguistic structures and artistic features. The obtained results can be used for further research on creating synesthetic metaphorical models in Ukrainian and Greek poetic speech.

The image of China in the short stories of Akutagawa Ryunosuke

2024-08-06T20:26:45+03:00

One of the promising directions in modern comparative studies is imagology, which examines literary ethno-images, encompassing both the self-image (auto-image) and the images of other ethno-cultures in national literature (hetero-images). This research aims to trace the features of Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s complex and multifaceted attitude towards China, as embodied in his short stories, and to identify the main features of the ethno-image of China in his works. Chinese literature, history, philosophy were significant components of the education for aristocrats in the early 20th century, the period during which the writer lived and worked. Consequently, the image of China, as a cultural donor to the Far Eastern region for centuries, is imprinted in the writer’s mentality and his literary works. The article examines the views of Chinese scholars who study Akutagawa’s work through the lens of reflecting the image of China in them. Our research focuses on several key issues: the Chinese component in the intertextuality of Akutagawa’s works, the forms of adaptation of Chinese plots, the writer’s reflection on the historical influence of Chinese culture on Japan, and the author’s understanding of contemporary China and the Chinese, formed as a result of his visits to this country in 1921. The analysis of the writer’s literary works reveals that the Chinese component, manifested through quotations, allusions, references to mythical or historical figures of ancient China, references to literary works, is significant as an intertextual component. As a writer who often reinterpreted ancient plots, Akutagawa incorporated ancient Chinese short stories into his oeuvre. Regarding Japanese-Chinese relations at that time, the writer sharply condemned the war, showing the grief and death it brought to the common people of both countries. His personal impressions from the trip to China were largely negative. We consider the study of the image of the Other, namely the image of
China and the Chinese, in Japanese literature to be relevant and promising. In particular, this includes a deeper study of the Chinese component in the intertextuality of Akutagawa’s works.

Nomination features of freelance professions in the Japanese language

2024-08-06T20:36:59+03:00

The article addresses the linguistic aspects of the “freelance” field as a facet of globalization and internationalization of the late 20th century, focusing specifically on the naming of freelance related professions and their perception in the Japanese language. The study examines the linguistic features
of the “freelance” phenomenon in Japan through the lens of the Japanese katakana alphabet, which is primarily used to notate the loanwords. This analysis considers both linguistic and extralinguistic aspects and the explores the cultural concepts uchi「内」(“inside”) and soto「外」(“outside”). The concept
soto (「外」) is connected to katakana as a symbol of modernization, influencing perception of modern professions, particularly freelance ones, which are often referred to as “katakana professions” due to modern globalization processes. The specific function of katakana, selected from its various roles, serves
as the framework for studying the “freelance” phenomenon in Japan. The research also describes new features of katakana which appeared under the influence of modern internationalization and globalization processes, illustrating the evolution of the extralinguistic aspect of katakana. The author’s classifications present the “freelance” phenomenon from linguistic (patterns of nomination of freelance professions in the Japanese language, models of word formation, etymological component) and extralinguistic perspectives (classification of professions based on their modernity and perception according to semantic and stylistic criteria). These classifications are interrelated, providing a comprehensive view of the “freelance” phenomenon in Japan and the Japanese language from both linguistic and socio-philosophical perspectives. Special attention is given to the so-called “katakana” professions, which have emerged under the influence of modern processes of internationalization and globalization, with many of these professions acquiring freelance characteristics.

Translation of English Subject-Predicate constructions in BBC News Ukraine headlines

2024-08-06T20:52:07+03:00

The aim of this paper is to identify the patterns of translating English Subject-Predicate constructions in BBC News Ukraine’s news headlines using constructionist methodology. Grammaticalized constructions are multi-component structures denoting generalized relations of predication, transitivity, modality, etc. As of now, one of the most prevalent types of grammaticalized constructions is considered to be Subject-Predicate constructions defined as an immediate combination of subjects, usually expressed by nouns or pronouns, and predicates of diverse semantics. The novelty of the research consists in the finding that English Subject-Predicate constructions are typically translated in the Ukrainian headlines according to the following three patterns: interpretive, perspectivational switch, and elliptical. The first of the three translation patterns –interpretive – pressupposses adding versatile predicates with the semantics of previous or subsequent action as well as of consequence; participial constructions referring to physical actions; or subordinate relative clauses indicating supplementary activities of referents nudging the target readership to open the news texts and read them to the very end. According to the perspectivational switch pattern, the focus of attention usually shifts from the patient in the original to the agent in the translation or from the consequents of events to their beginnings by replacing the passive voice with the active form. In conformity with the third translation pattern – the elliptical one – English Subject-Predicate constructions of informing are rendered into Ukrainian by simplified predicative structures with a similar meaning or denote emotional reactions of referents using metonymy.

War linguistics as a new lingosynergetic field: responding to the challenges of our times

2024-08-06T20:59:06+03:00

This study explores war linguistics as a new field in applied linguistics, reflecting the unique characteristics of linguistic representation of military art through mass media. The paper identifies potential approaches that define the substantive and informative aspects of military linguistics, converging with
military discourse in an existential challenge addressed by science. Accordingly, the subject of military linguistics research includes linguistic tools of operational art theory (operations and combat actions), tactical theory (preparation and conduct of battle), and strategic theory (military management), oriented towards accurate interpretation of the military context in media coverage. The conceptual framework of war linguistics is outlined, demonstrating that all concepts function cyclically, maintaining a balance between the interrelation and interdependence of political subjects, political processes, and elements of military discourse. Drawing on the methodologies of military strategy and tactics, as well as linguistic pragmatics, the study identifies key concepts such as military communication, military discourse, militarypolitical terminology, military-political text, and military journalism.
It is concluded that within the study of linguistic phenomena in military discourse and military journalism, the political strategies of countries, and corpus patterns, the text is a product of war linguistics and represents the pinnacle of contextual similarity in clustered paradigms in the realms of political
linguistics, territory and resources, history and culture, ideology, and economic policy. In military journalism, various linguistic levels are influenced by the Russo-Ukrainian war, characterized by new trends in interpreting linguistic changes due to the numerous appearances of war-related collocations in
newspaper publications.

Characters’ postironic self-reflection through new sincerity principles: a case study of Donal Ryan’s novel “The Spinning Heart”

2024-08-06T21:58:44+03:00

This research focuses on the characteristic features of ideological and artistic trends of metamodern fiction and its stylistic features. One of the defined features of the contemporary state of literature is postirony, which is pervasive. Taking into account the ability of postirony to penetrate all spheres of matamodern society and literature in particular, the phenomenon should be considered as a transcultural concept. In the context of our research, we clarify the ontology of the concept “postirony” and its direct influence on metamodern literature. Another significant highlighted artistic trend is New Sincerity,
which marks the shift from postmodernism to metamodernism. Therefore, the article identifies a number of New Sincerity principles that determine its relationship with irony, manifesting the emergence of metamodern postirony. The principle focus of the study is the stylistic realisation of postironic self-reflection through the defined principles of New Sincerity. The methodological section outlines the stylistic features of postironic portrayal of the characters through the principles of New Sincerity in the novel “The Spinning Heart” by contemporary Irish writer Donal Ryan. The stylistic analysis of the postironic selfreflection of the characters in the author’s metamodern narrative based on the principles of New Sincerity and considering stylistic devices at different language levels (lexical and syntactic), shows their undeniable influence on the readers’ understanding of the author’s postironic and sincere narrative. This analysis demonstrates the author’s refusal to use irony in depicting fictional reality, fostering a serious attitude of the reader.

Aspects linguocongitif, structurel et compositionnel des comptines françaises pour enfants

2024-08-06T22:16:02+03:00

L’article met en lumière les comptines françaises pour enfants qui sont des poésies de petite forme avec une structure rythmique claire incarnant la façon de compter et la situation de choix. Sous des perspectives de la linguistique cognitive, l’espace mental des comptines pour enfants est une formation conceptuelle qui se construit directement dans le processus de la pensée et de la parole représentant la façon dont une personne pense et parle de certaines choses: réelles, prévisibles ou fi ctives.Le jeu de mots, compris comme un phénomène cognitif qui refl ète la perspective mentale d’une vision personnelle du monde, est mis en oeuvre dans les textes des comptines françaises aux niveaux sémantiquesyntaxique, phonologique et lexical et reproduit la spécifi cité nationale et culturelle de la vision du monde. Du point de vue structurel et compositionnel, la base des comptines est un fragment composite représentant une situation textuelle particulière à travers un complexe de moyens linguistiques. La base structurelle du modèle invariant du fragment composite, conformément au rôle déterminant des fonctions dans l’organisation de son côté signifi catif, forme une série verbale qui contient sept composantes réalisables. Le lien initial est une structure introductive typique qui présente le personnage et fi xe les paramètres locaux de la situation décrite. La reproduction du personnage selon un certain segment de l’espace provoque l’emploi prédominant dans ce lien de constructions existentielles et locatives. Les perspectives de recherches ultérieures se manifestent dans l’application de la méthodologie proposée sur les diff érents genres de la poésie ludique.

Inhaltskomische Zungenbrecher als kulturbedingtes Unterhaltungsmittel

2024-08-06T22:24:32+03:00

The article explores German tongue twisters as special representatives of humor and laughter culture in the German language comic space. The aim is to examine the lingual and cultural aspects of German tongue twisters in order to reflect their humorous and national cultural potential. Taking into account various approaches to the study of humor, laughter culture and comic speech, this research identifies the structural, semantic and pragmatic means used in German tongue twisters to express a comic effect and positive emotions. It reveals the specific formation of German humor through tongue twisters and
analyzes the structural and semantic elements of German tongue twisters, which represent the laughter culture of the German speaking world. Tongue twisters are defined as funny short stories, confusing strange sayings, nonsense texts, etc., which predict the formation of a comic effect through their plan of content and the plan of expression. The plan of content of tongue twisters incorporates a humorous play, causing emotional and expressive tension
and turning communication into an informal interaction. The plan of expression contains elements that pragmatize the comic effect (parallelism, repetition, alliteration, etc.). It is noteworthy that to enhance the comic effect, modified phraseological units, which identify the cognitive activity of people of the target language culture, are incorporated into tongue twisters. Tongue twisters require relevant vocal representation of text elements, provoke positive emotional reactions and cause laughter. Their structure visualizes national and cultural elements that belong to the background knowledge of the target language culture. When uttering tongue twisters with a certain rhythm, unintentional slurs may appear, further enhancing the comic effect. The national and cultural specificity of tongue twisters is revealed through designations of nationalities, proper names, national dishes and drinks, and professions.

Phonographic and graphostylistic mechanisms of creating linguistic absurdity in postmodern fiction

2024-08-07T13:40:31+03:00

This article explores the phonographic and graphostylistic mechanisms employed by postmodern authors to create linguistic absurdity in fiction, using phonetic and graphic variants. The analysis focuses on violations of phonetic and graphic norms that deviate from traditional literary conventions. At the phonographic level, the mechanisms for creating linguistic absurdity include sound imitation, alliteration, assonance, phonetic language play, and phonetic occasionalisms. These techniques result in unusual combinations of phonemes that contrast with accepted, stereotypical sound patterns. This generates a
cacophony of strange sounds that violates the euphony of language, thereby creating an “estrangement effect”. Specific examples are provided to demonstrate how postmodern fiction utilizes absurd sound imitations, such as nonsensical words mimicking animal noises or physiological functions. Alliteration and assonance are used to reproduce unpleasant sounds typically avoided in traditional texts as those violating aesthetic norms. Phonetic
occasionalisms open up diverse palettes of new, unregistered sound combinations for the reader. The graphostylistic mechanisms examined involve violating graphic norms through techniques, such as excessive variation of fonts, capitalization, and non-punctuated text organization. Textual visualization that disrupts typical graphic conventions is achieved through extra spacing between words/lines, unconventional paragraph divisions, inserted curly lines, and embedded text fragments in different styles. There is also an excessive accumulation of non-verbal graphics, such as drawings, diagrams, formulas, and symbols from other semiotic systems. Orthographic deformations, including reduplication, hyphenation, and author-created graphons (new graphic units) also contribute to the absurdist effect. Detailed examples illustrate how the accumulation of these phonographic and graphostylistic deviations generates graphic chaos that impairs readability. However, the article argues this is an intentional strategy by postmodern writers to create an absurdist literary experience that rejects conventions and engages the reader in exploring multiple possible interpretations of the fragmented, unconventional text.

Existential components of the motive of love in the flash fiction by Halyna Petrosanyak (based on the material of the anthology “Don’t prevent me from saving the world”)

2024-08-07T13:56:55+03:00

The article considers the aesthetic nature, artistic specificity of the existential components of the motif of love, which dominates the flash fiction by Halyna Petrosanyak. The study, based on the analysis of the anthology “Don’t prevent me from saving the world”, elucidates the modern transformation of the symbolic archetypal determinant of the universal understanding of love as the highest value in all its manifestations. The author’s reception of the motif of love is analyzed in correlation with Fromm’s interpretation of human existential needs: in establishing connections, in overcoming oneself, in perception
of rootedness, in self-identity, in building a life based on a system of values. It has been demonstrated that according to the writer, love is not merely a mechanical sum of regional and mental oral traditions or religious virtues, but their generalization into universal human realities, which form a dialectical unity of worldview, socio-psychological, and aesthetic principles of harmonious human life. And this constant is more often manifested in borderline situations of despair, hopelessness, where the heroes of her stories find themselves. The author seeks to combine often conflicting truths of various people, nations, cultures, religions, and philosophical views in order to emphasize the importance of love in human existence. The stated topic is inexhaustible and multifaceted, promising to inspire various literary, cultural, and philosophical discussions. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the author’s individual style, reflecting both the human features of the author and the main features of our time. In this period fiction as an art form plays a decisive
role in preserving language, spirituality, and national identity, and remains a promising area in literary discourse.

Linguocultural codes: development and functioning of the French military honorific system

2024-08-07T14:08:38+03:00

The article deals with the historical development and modern functioning of the French military honorific system and military honorifics as components of this system. It reveals the features of their formation and evolution in the context of sociocultural and historical factors, clarifies the forms of the main abbreviations, and describes typical cases of their use. The aim of the article is to generalise the rules of using correct military honorifics in French linguistic culture in situations of official communication. The research material included texts of business letters, documents from official governmental military websites in France, Switzerland, Belgium and Canada, and fragments of French media texts containing military honorifics. The main method of the study was the structural method, which led to the use of distributional and component analyses. The use of military honorifics is mandatory in the military sphere, since the military honorific reflects official relations and ensures hierarchy and subordination in professional communication. The research reveals that the communicative purpose determines the use of the corresponding honorifics and their abbreviated forms. The emphasis is placed on the importance of military ranks as an important element of the linguistic worldview of French society and their role in maintaining military ethics and discipline. Besides, particular attention is paid to the formation and functioning of feminine forms for military ranks and positions. Prospects for further research are outlined in the field of socially marked vocabulary, particularly the functioning of professional French honorific system in cross-cultural communication.

Integrating quantitative and qualitative methods in ideology studies: a case study of Victorian ideology analysis

2024-08-07T14:31:07+03:00

The paper provides an overview of both traditional and modern methodological approaches for the study of ideology, while showcasing the author’s earlier research on Victorian ideology. It argues that the long-standing traditions of critical theory analysis, discourse analysis, and hermeneutics in ideology critique have created a rich legacy for conceptual categorization of knowledge about the organization and evolution of ideologies. This legacy has benefited contemporary, machine-assisted studies of ideologically laden textual data, offering valuable insights for operationalizing ideology.
The study focuses on the modern shift towards analyzing the emotional components of ideology, using the latest text and opinion mining techniques to explore the cognitiveemotive nature of relevant ideological categories. While advocating for an emotion-centered view of ideology organization, the paper proposes an alternative approach to ideology analysis by endorsing a blended methodology. This methodology integrates human-run qualitative discourse analysis with machine-assisted quantitative content analysis in the study of Victorian ideology.
The article presents an algorithm for ideological analysis, starting with data acquisition, choosing the methodological path, and demonstrating the efficacy of the co-occurrence network tool for computerized topic extraction at the conceptual macro-level of ideology analysis. Keywords are recontextualized at the microlevel of analysis to provide an indepth view of the extracted quantitative metrics, seeking an interpretative approach. This approach encourages further triangulation of research tools and data sources to ensure the iterative nature of the research and solidify the hypotheses.

Structural and semantic features of Turkish language cultures (based on the material of the cartoon “Nasreddin Hodja: The Time Traveler”)

2024-08-07T14:42:18+03:00

The article presents a comprehensive study of the structural and semantic aspects of the Turkish language animation discourse to reveal the relationship between speech media, cultural contexts and the perception of information by respondents. The analysis focuses on the linguistic and cultural elements of the cartoon “Nasreddin Hodja: The Time Traveler”. The author examines the semantic and structural features of the linguistic culture, and the linguistic and cultural factors that influence the perception and interpretation of the work. The article highlights the specific language tools, symbols, and myths used to
reflect national identity and cultural context. Animated discourse is defined as a complex communicative phenomenon of film discourse. This study marks the first in Ukrainian Turkology to investigate the use of speech means and communicative strategies in Turkish language animated discourse and the influence of cultural factors on the perception of information. The implementation of the Turkish language animation discourse has a certain specificity, determined both by the grammar of the Turkish language and by contextual factors such as the features of the censorship system of Turkey and the worldview of the Turkish people. A linguocultural approach has been employed to analyze Turkish language cartoons. This study has developed a comprehensive methodology for the linguocultural analysis of cartoons, encompassing the examination and classification of linguocultural elements. The research findings are useful for an in-depth study of the Turkish language in the context of animation.

Dynastic marriages of the Middle Ages and modern wedding traditions: historical, philological and source-based aspects of the study

2024-08-07T14:58:00+03:00

The article examines the works of prominent folklorists and literary scholars on wedding traditions and their relevance in contemporary society as well as the folklore accompanying them. It is noted that the actualization of the scientific discourse on traditions is conditioned by the contemporary needs to elucidate the history of the Ukrainian wedding and the integration of ancient wedding rites into modern practice. The study provides an overview
of printed materials from Ukrainian and emigrant press that reflect wedding traditions. Through the prism of written sources, texts of Ukrainian and foreign literature and the authors’ own field research conducted in the Sumy region, it became possible to objectively study the main changes that family rituals have undergone from their origins to the present. The latest sources, works of art, informants’ accounts of wedding ceremonies contribute to an understanding of the role of the bride, groomsmen and elders and other wedding guests. The study also delves into the significance of toasts, wedding attire, dishes, utensils and entertainment and describes the ceremonies that meticulously reproduce the Ukrainian traditions on the eve of the wedding, such as the matchmaking ceremony, etc. The survey of respondents, who are folk art bearers, highlights their attitudes to wedding rites, which are still in use today, identifying the most popular types of weddings and tracing the main trends of modern wedding styles. Wedding customs of the 21st century are recorded, testifying to the role and significance of the church wedding in the ceremonial structure of Ukrainian weddings. The article also presents an authorial selection of texts from the works of domestic and foreign literary artists who depict the wedding (family) narrative in a historical context. It traces the engagement of Ukrainian and foreign writers with the wedding theme, providing specific examples of rituals depicted in their works and focusing
on plot structure, character systems, symbolic images, etc. Special attention is paid to the process of transformation of the European wedding style and the incorporation of its elements into the structure of the traditional Ukrainian wedding ceremony. Further research is needed on the transformation of family ritual creativity in the works of contemporary literary artists.

Narrative structure of President V. Zelenskyy’s daily video addresses

2024-08-07T15:45:45+03:00

The Russo-Ukrainian war has been receiving a lot of attention from communication scholars worldwide since it is the first big military conflict of the epoch of social media. Despite Ukraine is fighting the enemy with unprecedentedly strong information warfare capabilities, it has managed to achieve wide international acceptance for its variant of the war narrative. This success is, in large part, due to the great efforts by Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, whose outstanding communication skills made him a highly effective rhetorical leader of our time. The article investigates the contribution of
presidential daily video addresses delivered throughout the first two years of the conflict to the development of the Ukrainian narrative of war. It studies major strands of narrative featured in the addresses and analyses their functions in relation to the local, global and enemy audiences. Our research found that the narrative structure of presidential video addresses comprises three strands of the war narrative (narratives of resistance, suffering and resilience) and three associated narratives (narrative of reform and development, national identity narrative and World War II memory narrative). These narratives are intended to provide accurate information about the current situation, dismiss propagandistic fakes created by the enemy, promote interpretation of the events favourable to Ukraine, boost morale and encourage involvement in the country’s war, resilience and rebuilding efforts, create discord within the enemy ranks and discourage further aggression. The study also traces the dynamics of changes in the narratives over time and puts them in context of the
internal political processes in Ukraine.

The category of temporality in the modern Chinese language: linguocultural aspect

2024-08-07T16:09:30+03:00

The article analyzes the views of a number of linguists and researchers on the mechanisms of fixation of the basic concepts of the temporal system in Chinese and the classification of individual fragments of the realization of temporal relations in the modern Chinese language. The paper examines the correlated conceptual and grammatical categories of “time” and “temporality” in the context of the Chinese linguistic worldview, with a particular focus on the concepts of cyclic and linear time. The study shows that both approaches to the perception of time impact the structural and semantic features of the
Chinese language, reflecting deep cultural ideas about time and its role in people’s lives.
Considerable attention is paid to the linguistic elements that reflect the linear model of time, which is divided into movement along the horizontal and vertical axes. The emergence of contradictions in the perception of time on the horizontal axis caused by the existence of different models of time, emphasizes the need for further research. It is proposed to consider the anthropocentric model of the “front-back” organization of time movement
and correlate it with the linear model of movement along the horizontal axis in order to determine the level of representation of each model in the temporal plane of the modern Chinese language using specific linguistic examples.
The analysis demonstrates the need for a fundamental study of the category of temporality in Ukrainian Chinese studies and a clear definition of the means and ways of its implementation. The study emphasizes that temporality in Chinese is a multifaceted grammatical category closely related to cultural and cognitive aspects, the study of which will contribute to a better understanding of not only the Chinese language but also the cultural representations and cognitive processes of native speakers.

The concept 战争 / WAR as a slot in frame structures in Chinese media discourse

2024-08-07T16:57:55+03:00

The article deals with frame structures in which the concept战争 / WAR serves as a slot in Chinese media discourse. Given Ukraine’s prolonged state of threat, the study of this concept holds a central position in Ukrainian scholarly research, contrasting with its relatively underexplored status in Chinese discourse. This difference prompts an investigation into the features in Chinese media discourse as the most open type of discourse that exchanges concepts with other discourses. The article identifies the types of basic frames (subject frame, taxonomic or hyponymic frame, associative or, in other
words, conceptual metaphor), where the concept战争 / WAR is an integral part. It categorizes the basic frames according to the type of propositions that link the slots and describes the linguistic units of Chinese media discourse that represent the semantics of these frames involving the concept战争 / WAR. The subject frame is represented by 战争即邪恶 zhànzhēng jí xié’è – WAR IS EVIL, where the second slot gives the first one a strong negative evaluation, being its basic conceptual domain. This is manifested through various lexico-grammatical means: in the negative semantics of the representatives of the concept 战争 / WAR, as well as their collocations. The taxonomic (hyponymic) frame is exemplified by 战争即政治 zhànzhēng jí zhèngzhì – WAR IS POLITICS, where the
second concept is superordinate to the subordinate first concept. Additionally, the second concept serves as a means of resolving war, thus striving towards the concept和平 hépíng / PEACE. Finally, the third type of frame structures (associative frames) includes these frames: 战争即赌博 zhànzhēng jí dǔbó – WAR IS A GAME, whose main characteristic is unpredictability; 战争即灾难 zhànzhēng jí zāinàn – WAR IS A DISASTER, specifically fire, which can be further specified as 战争即火焰 zhànzhēng jí huǒyàn – WAR IS FIRE; and 战争即戏剧 zhànzhēng jí xìjù – WAR IS A PLAY.