MAIN PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: LINGUISTIC ASPECT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.1.2018.135637Keywords:
дискурс, аналіз, принцип, психотерапевтичний дискурс, комунікативна стратегія, тактикаAbstract
Introduction. The article deals with the linguistic aspect of the basic principles of
psychotherapeutic discourse analysis. Research on discourse is one of the priorities in modern
linguistics. Integrative processes in science generally are based on the expansionism of
anthropocentric linguistics and they contribute to the formation of a cognitive-communicative
paradigm of knowledge, where discursive activity is seen in the light of internal mental
processes. Psychotherapeutic interaction of both participants in the process – the therapist and
the patient – is interpreted as a discursive practice that requires a thorough linguistic analysis
to identify the motivational, cognitive and communicative aspects of the speech activity of both
participants in the psychotherapeutic session, and that determines the relevance of our research.
The purpose of the article is to highlight the content and linguistic specificity of
the main principles of psychotherapeutic discourse analysis.
The methodology for the analysis of psychotherapeutic discourse involves the definition
and description of the communicative strategies implemented in the discourse, based
on expansionism, anthropocentrism, functionalism and explanatory. The basic principles of psychotherapeutic discourse analysis do not depend on a specific psychotherapeutic school,
since the isolation of tactical and strategic potential is determined by the specificity of
psychotherapeutic communication, according to the distribution of communicative roles and
positions of the participants in the therapeutic process, their expectations, the dynamics of
language initiatives, message sequencing, listening and understatement.
As a result of the research, the role of the correlation between the personality’s worldview
and his psychological problems in the process of production of statements is determined.
The communication in psychotherapeutic discourse is described in terms of a linguistic form
of purposefulsocial activity. The article establishes the dynamics of linguistic means for realization
of the basic principles of psychotherapeutic discourse analysis with the description of tactical
and strategic potential.
Summing up, the author arrives at the following conclusions: 1) the semantic space of
the language, objectified in the system units of the linguistic worldview, and the nature of
communication are mutually determined by the type of discourse within which the communication
is carried out, and the structure of language personalities; 2) interpretation of communication
during psychotherapeutic sessions is based on considering the discourse as the social interaction.
Such an interpretation is tied to each specific pragmatic situation and the mental processes of
the therapist and the client, verbalized in tactical and strategic potential; 3) along with verbally
expressed communicative strategies and tactics, the revealed understatement plays a constitutive
role in the analysis of psychotherapeutic discourse, i.e., it points to the important components
of the internal experience of the subject. The patient's speech often includes hushing up that
corresponds to deeply displaced layers of the unconscious.
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